]> gist This is an upper enterprise ontology, copyright Semantic Arts Inc. Rights to use are conveyed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode. Current version at http://ontologies.semanticarts.com/gist/gist.owl Created with e6Tools Graphical OWL Editor from C:\Documents and Settings\Michael\Documents\SEMANTIC-ARTS\NAS\Offerings\gist\_gistWorking-Mike\MidVersions\6.6 - 1.3\gistCore6.6.vsd Page:Gist To have a comparable numerical value. Each magnitude has a unit. members in collections, organization etc Generic relationship meaning the Subject contains or includes the Object in some way. Legally acknowledging the existence of. Legally acknowledging the existence of. The subject will or does allow the object The subject will or did prevent the object The subject will or did cause the object Located at a specific place on the earth. Date a living thing was "born" (or germinated, for plants). Reason, law, rule, etc. behind an action or decision. Subject matter of a document. The Object in some way describes the Subject A place that can be found on a map, has geo coordinates; you could live or work there. The general class of places you can send messages including postal addresses, fax numbers, phone numbers, email, web site, etc. Subject supercedes the object, i.e., is a newer version of it. If there are many terms for a concept or specific instance, this is the one to use. historical Dates Generically when some thing did or should end. A date/time that was at least at some point in time in the future. It may be in the past now, but when we planned it, it was in the future. When something did end. Dates that were in the future at the time they were made. Generically when something did or should start. A date/time that was at least at some point in time in the future. It may be in the past now, but when we planned it, it was in the future. When something did start, therefore noting an historical event. A feature is something that an individual has exclusively, and that if the individual were to go away so would the feature. All datatype properties are features, but in OWL it wouldn't work to have a datatype property be a subtype of an object property. hasFeature is just for the object type features that work like dataType properties. It implies a cascading delete. Distance above sea level Date that something was posted, not necessarily the date it occurred. Must be after the occurred date, but could be before or after the planned date. (Unusual, but I could record today that I expected to be paid last week.) Located at a specific place on the earth. This is for things attached to the earth. Permanent is a relative term, but it is more than saying a car is in a particular city, it's more that a building or tree, or lake is (they don't move very often). More specific form of incumbent where we are referring to residing at or working at, or doing business at a very specific location. Intellectual Property (computer programs, documents, inventions, etc.) are expressed in either media or a language and usually both. This is like a uri: a thing can have more than one ID, but each of the IDs must refer to a unique thing. Use hasDirectPart to associate parts. Allow t's parent (hasPart) to complete the transitivity. This is to relate something ephemeral (a position) with something potentially more real (i.e., an employee). Containing something that has independent existence. We can say a car hasPart seat or engine, but not hasPart weight. The weight cannot exist independent of the car. No cascading delete. High level property meaning to exclusively have or possess. Superior, subordinate relationships between subjects and objects. Decimal hours ahead of (+) or behind (-) GMT. To consume. The subject uses the object. Using it up (consuming it) is a subtype of using, but the object may not be used up but just necessary. The subject consumes or consumed the object, either wholly or partially, i.e., Painting useUp Paint. This will also be used for "liqudate" and "partially liquidate" as in an invoice will liquidate a PO, or a payment will liquidate a debt. The subject creates the object, i.e., a task produces a deliverable; a template produces a program. To be the biological parent of. Used instead of parent because parent is highly overloaded term. A process or agent that has a specific intention. These are relationships where the domain end has some sort of effect on the range end. As much as possible, these will be verb tense independent, so we won't have use, uses, used, but just use. Meaning that the subject has been assigned or reserved or set aside to the object. Funds can be allocated to projects, people (really their time) can be allocated to tasks, departments, or organizations. There will likely be many subproperties of this with varying shades of meaning for how flexibly the allocation has been made. This is the casual definition of name. For some items it might be more appropriate to use a sub type of identifiedBy. For ordering ordered lists. Location where an event occured. This is the essential agentive relationship. If I've been delegated the right to enter into a contract on someone's behalf, I'm their agent in that context, but we'll say they control the the ability to enter into a contract. Owning adds legal title to governance. The subject controls or inhibits the object in some way. Ownership is one case, as is jurisdiction, inhibiting, custodianship. This is used for the actual value of a key or ID where you don't want the possibility of having more than one. How far in the "x" dimension this item is from its local origin. How far in the "y" dimension this item is from its local origin. How far in the "z" dimension this item is from its local origin. Which unit of measure you are using. All measures are in some uom, even if we don't know what it is initially. Add this number to get to the zero point. On the Celsius scale, the conversionOffset is -273.15°C. On the Fahrenheit scale it is -459.67°. Is equal to 0 when the unit has the same zero point as the base unit. e.g. inch, meter. Currencies are rounded to specified precision The conversion factor used to get to the base unit. E.g., multiplying by 0.0254 gets you from inches to meters. Divide by this number to go the other way. Used in conjunction with conversionOffset to convert from one unit to another. Degrees K = (Degrees F - conversionOffset) * convertToBase. Or K = (F-(-469.67)) * (5/9). To go the other way: F = (K * 9/5) -469.67. Try it on Google. Evidence of authentication or agreement. Points to a taxonomy item or other less formally defined class. A non owning, non causal, non-subordinate (ie. peer to peer) relationship. party The people or organizations that are e.g. in an Agreement Obligations have receivers of the obligation. Obligations have one party that is giving and one receiving (getting). Second unit in the ratio unit of measure (Duration (time) in "speed.") Fiirst term in a ratio unit of measure. (Distance in the ratio unit "speed.") input The material (physical or otherwise) that goes into a doing event of some kind. output The material (physical or otherwise) that comes out of a doing event of some kind. Comment: this is not the inverse of fromAgent. A message can be from someone. If we made it the inverse the person would be "to" the message The source of a message or shipment. a point or region that something went to a point or region that something came from To be the biological parent of. Used instead of parent because parent is highly overloaded term. true true Renamed to better reflect intended meaning. 6.6 true Renamed for naming consistency. 6.6 true Renamed to better reflect intended meaning. 6.6 true Generally, to convert from one form to another; also used here as a process which could move an item from one state to another. true true true true Renamed for naming consistency. 6.6 true The kind of Behavior that took place during an Event. true true true true true true true true true true Deprecated, only using gist:second. true Deprecated use gist:PhysicalSubstance. Renamed for clarity. true Deprecated use gist:Ownable. Renamed for clarity. true Deprecated use gist:Behavior. Renamed for clarity. true Deprecated use gist:GeoPrimitiveOrOwnable. Renamed because Property was renamed. true Deprecated use gist:Behavior. Renamed for clarity. true A point in time expressed relative to a local time zone. Can be converted to Universal Time using the time zone offset. A number of things of any sort grouped together. 1 A specific interval on a time line. So this is January 1, 2008 to January 8, 2008, which has a duration , but isn't a duration. Note has two instants. The endDate is assumed to be greater than the start, but this is not enforced. A point on a time line. Could be a literal instant (as in 12:01.0001 January 1, 2008), or a broader but still single point in time (January 1, 2008). Time and dates are in xsd: DateTime format in Universal Time. An ordinal collection is ordered, but has the additional property that the ordering represents a "greater than" relationship. Amazon uses an ordered collection for rating the quality of used books (Unacceptable, Acceptable, Good, Very Good, Like New, New). If you do a query to get the lowest price for a particular book in the "Good" category, you will get only "Good" ones. If the collection were an ordinal collection, you could get the lowest price on all the items "Good" or greater. Description of a place, physical or abstract, that can be used to position other items relatively. The origin might be the top left of a screen or form, or it might be the back, lower left corner of a trailer. Location relative to an origin. Any of the primary geographical shapes. I haven't found a definitive source for time zone names or their geoboundaries. I'll suggest the tz database for now. Single segment. 1 1 Ordered set of GeoPoints that define a route from starting point to ending point. Bounded region(s) on surface of the earth. At this level a geoRegion could be non contiguous (the USA is the contiguous 48 states plus Alaska and Hawaii). Child classes in lower ontologies can make this distinction. Individual point on Earth's surface, including latitude, longitude and altitude. If altitude is missing, assumed to be at the earth's surface, however, altitude is measured from sea level. Placeholder in a collection or an organization for someone or something. A slot. A position in a collection where the position is ordered. It is the responsibility of the collection to maintain the ordering, but the position has an order feature. Can be found in the real world; includes counties as well as cars. An address that you can send mail to or that you could find in the physical world. Some phone numbers accept faxes, some allow Internet access, etc. A set of codes the postal authorities can use to deliver mail. Could be a street address, could be a postal address, could be the route codes. 1 An enclosed area within a building. This is the Cyc term, if we can, I'd like to think of something better. Until then this is just the union of people and organizations. it is a superset of objects that can enter into contracts. We're not calling it a party as that is the relationship to the contract more than the entity that might be able to enter into one. This is a member of homo sapiens, who has lived at some point, and may or may not be dead. With open world you never know if someone has died. Fictitious people are not persons. Something that is or at some point was alive and growing. An Agent that is responsible for issuing unique IDs in its scope. The entity that can engage in contracts, as joint tenants, tenants in common, etc. 2 Established either by fiat (as a conquering army overtakes a land and declares a government) or by delegation from a fiat government, such as a state or local government or a specific agency. Differ from corporations in that they cannot be owned. A generic organization that can be, e.g., formal or informal, legal or non-legal. A string of characters that refers to a referent in the real world (person, place, organzation, vehicle, etc.), a concept or an event. Intended to be unique within a domain (but generally no guarantee of this). The ID of an agent or an artifact that sets up the context within which IDs are meant to uniquely refer to one item.The US Social Security Admin is a domain which is supposed to assure that a given Social Security Number refers to a single person. Could also be a next avail number routine. That which can (at least theoretically) be owned. All current jurisdictions have rules against owning people, but that needs to be expressed in rules rather than definitions. Something intentionally made The first level is media types like oil, or marble, paper or electronic, then we get to specific MIME types Instances of this class are used to categorize other instances informally. This could be tags, folksonomies or formal definitions from other systems. How obligated you are to the commitment, which often includes what legal remedies exist for non compliance. You could at least in principle put an RFID tag on members of this class. Physical things are made of something, e.g., statues are made of bronze. Non corporeal material. That is, "stuff" which can be divided in half and stil retain its essence (i.e., water, penicillin and even h. pilori bacteria except for those very rare cases where someone is studying an individual bacterium). Paper or electronically transferrable monetary asset. Not a price, but an asset. A substance in the sense that there is measurably more or less of it, but not necessarily physical (money and content, for instance). A human language such as English or Spanish. A language which could be executed by a computer. Narrative description of the specifics of an offer. This is "term" in the sense of the "terms" of a contract. Documents, programs, images and the like. Categories are not content until they are written down. 1 A place (real or virtual) that can be located by some routing algorithm and where messages or things can be sent. Content in words. Low level primitive for stored information, e.g., could be paper, electronic, etc. Any place a message can be sent (email, fax, etc.). A recognized, organized set of symbols and grammar. A specific message from an Agent to at least one other agent. Could be email, a phone call, a voice message or a Web Service message between applications. Evidence of agreement or authentication; could be an electronic signature or a reference to a wet ink signature. A description of something that can be done for a person or organization (which produces some form of an "act"). Offering something which could be warehoused. A description of the thing being offered, (its features, etc.). Something which could be offered commercially. Includes products, services, guaranties, warranties, encumbrances, etc. A future commitment from one social being to another. Contracts are sets of oblgations to do or forebear, or indemnify or warrant. Contract or other binding agreement 2 2 Something happening over some period of time, often characterized as some kind of activity being carried out by some agent. E.g. speaking, converting, moving. Used for Range of object property Content (code) that converts inputs into outputs A communication event, such as making a commitment, placing an order, making a request, complaining, issuing a warning or refusing. Not necessarily oral. Loosely based on Searle, We will say that People and Organizations can make speech acts, but not computer programs. 1 An event where one or more inputs is transformed by an Agent in some way to produce one or more outputs. E.g. calculation, manufacturing process 1 1 1 The event of something moving along a route from A to B where some Agent does the moving. The thing moved is Ownable. This excludes things that move on their own e.g., water down a hill. 1 General term that covers Rules, Laws and programmable criteria A description of things one is prevented from doing; could be broad such as free speech, but more often is very specific such as the right of egress through a particular property. A specific intentional endpoint. An evaluatable set of criteria (might be machine interpretable but in this case mostly human interpretable). A set of guildelines used in making a decision. A description of things one is permitted to do; could be broad such as free speech, but more often is very specific such as the right of egress through a particular property. Goal, desire, aspiration. This is the "teleologic" aspect of the system that indicates things are done with a purpose. Rules for including something in an intensional set (could be OWL, but could be SQL or just natural language). A template is some form of content that can't necessarily execute on its own, but could be exectuted by a program and uses some form of rules to produce additional output. Magnitude of mass. Assumes object is near the earth's surface, so weight and mass are equivalent for our purposes. Units of weight, e.g., pounds, kilos, etc. Measures that involve countable amounts ("eaches" as well as cases, etc.). Can be decimal. Note: we did not make count disjoint with all the other magnitudes as there are some magnitudes that could conceivably be counted (say distance in rods, it's a bit of a stretch admittedly but shouldn't harm anything). Units of counting, especially "each" but also units such as dozens. Units of money. Note: this is the only unit whose conversion factors include time (i.e., the conversion rates change on a daily basis). Special type of magnitude due to the way rounding is handled in math and temporal aspect of conversion. Three dimensional space or equivalent fluid measurement. Units of three dimensional volume (cubic inch) as well as fluid volume (ounces). Two-dimensional area. Units of two-dimensional area such as square inches and hectares. A measure of distance which could be distances over the earth, and could also be height, width, length, depth, girth, etc. Units to measure linear distance such as feet and kilometers. Time, but not on time line. For instance one week, or seven days, but not Jan 1, 2008 to Jan 7, 2008 (which is an interval). Intervals have durations but aren't durations. Units to measure passage of time, hours, days, years. Ratio Units are composed of two units, a numerator and denominator (for instance, miles/hour). Conversion factor will not be on the ratios, but will be on the numerator and denominator (i.e., there won't be a conversion factor from miles/hour to kilometers/sec, but there will be one to convert the miles to kilometers and the hours to seconds). This is a ratio class where the numerator and denominator are of the same unit of measure. This would have to be enforced as a SWRL rule. Note: there are various ways to represent percentage: 50/100 could be represented as "50" or "0.5". We have chosen the later as it involves fewer conversions for subsequent use. Each unit has a base unit and a conversion factor to the base. The bases are from SI. This is the number you multiple a Unit by to get to base or divide by to get from base. So the convertToBase for inch is 0.0254 to get you to the base (meter) 1 A scalar value which is either measured, estimated or set as a refernece value. Magnitudes of the same dimensional type ( i.e., duration or electric current) can be compared with a greater than or less than operator, but can still differ in their relationToTheWorld type (i.e., you can compare actuals to estimates or references as long as the dimension is the same). true Has an agent and an object. 1 true true Includes all conversions such as calculations, etc. 1 1 true All manufacturing operations such as milling, drilling, bending, welding, etc. true An individual decision. true true Loosely based on Searle, in order to complete workflow type behavior. who or what did the act. We will say that People and Organizations can make speech acts, but not computer programs To state that something is so, also to affirm or attest as to identity true Affirmation that obligates A change of ownership, might co-incide with movement Ways of categorizing events, e.g., differentiating drilling versus cutting. 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0